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考研高频单词讲解-6



很久没更新该系列了,今天写一篇。

46. private

私有的。在这篇博文提到过,这里展开说一说。

private来自于拉丁语privus,其中词根由per构成,per和pro作为前缀的意思大致一样,都是 ‘forward’。因为 forward(向前), 所以 be in the front(在前面),后来逐渐变为 be separate(被分隔开),最后变为私有的。

通过private,可以推导出deprive(de ‘away from’ + prive,从私有的拿走)=> 剥夺。

Privateer: private的主动形式 => 私掠。

47. universe

uni ‘one’ + verse ‘turn’。uni这里已经说过,表示 “一”。一个转动的东西 => 宇宙,意思来源于古人对于星象的观察。

由universe引申出来universal,意为全部的,具有普遍性的。

Multiverse:多重宇宙。Parallel universe:平行宇宙。verse是转的词根,volv是转动,有细微的不同,要注意区分。

48. approach

靠近,ad ‘表加强’ + prop ‘near’。

靠近某个机构(如银行)=> 接洽事务。

We’ve just approached the bank for/about a loan.

同样可以表处理,因为靠近某个问题 => 处理问题。

I’m not sure how to approach the problem.

通过这一层意思,可以推理出另一个意思:(处理问题的)方式,方法,态度。

Since our research so far has not produced any answers to this problem, we need to adopt a different approach to it.

49. article

由 artus 演变而来,意为连接。Article就是连接起来的东西。这个单词不难,这里补充一个较难记忆的单词:articulate。

ate作为动词化后缀,所以articulate字面意思就是连接在一起。这一层意思进一步演化可以表示为表达(或发音)非常地流畅(单词连接在一起)。

They were unable to articulate their emotions.

同样也是一个形容词,表示流畅的。

an articulate account of their experiences

50. central

Centre意为中心。

Fug词根意为逃 ‘flee’,refugee(往回逃离 => 难民),所以centrifuge(从中间逃)是离心机。centrifugal force是离心力。

Pet词根意为 “rush”,centripetal是向中心跑,所以centripetal force:向心力。

Eccentric(ex + centre),远离中心的,离奇的。

51. characteristic

Character(字母,性格,角色)来自于德语’kharaktēr’,词根是khar,意为雕刻,划刻。

character字面义为engraved mark,character有符号的意思,显然来源于此。如果用来形容人心灵上雕刻的记号,那么就是他的性格。每一个角色都有不同的性格,所以character还可以表示角色

istic是形容词后缀,能够表示性格的 => 典型的。某个物品典型的东西就是他的特征,此处是形容词的名词化,这里看不懂可以参考这篇博文

52. combine

组合,com + bi ‘two’。把两个东西放在一起起来就是组合

bi是双,比如bicycle,两个轮子 => 自行车。二进制数:binary number。二的另一个词根duo可以参考这篇博文

53. complete

com + ple。共同折叠 => 完成。

两个词根都很熟悉了,ple在这里详细进行了解读,此处不在赘述。

54. consequence

con + seq ‘follow’ + ence。seq表跟随,一起跟随而来的事情 => 结果。

second(sec = seq,c=q,发音相同):

  1. 秒(n),一个接一个的。
  2. 第二(adj),接着第一个。
  3. 支持(v),跟着被支持的人。(熟词生义,要注意)

55. consume

con + su ‘sub’+ em ‘take’,共同从下面拿走 => 消费。em是一个冷门词根,但是使用的还是很多,希望同学们可以记住。

em作为词根,意为’take’,

example,向外拿 => 例子。
exemption,拿出去的东西 => 赦免。
subsume,从下面拿 => 包括。
preemptive,先拿 => 先发制人。

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